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Exclusive: Only Three Have Been Waterboarded by CIA

November 02, 2007 1:25 PM

Exclusiveonly_mn For all the debate over waterboarding, it has been used on only three al Qaeda figures, according to current and former U.S. intelligence officials.

As ABC News first reported in September, waterboarding has not been used since 2003 and has been specifically prohibited since Gen. Michael Hayden took over as CIA director. 

Officials told ABC News on Sept. 14 that the controversial interrogation technique, in which a suspect has water poured over his mouth and nose to stimulate a drowning reflex as shown in the above demonstration, had been banned by the CIA director at the recommendation of his deputy, Steve Kappes.

Hayden sought and received approval from the White House to remove waterboarding from the list of approved interrogation techniques first authorized by a presidential finding in 2002.

The officials say the decision was made sometime last year but has never been publicly disclosed by the CIA.

One U.S. intelligence official said, "It would be wrong to assume that the program of the past moved into the future unchanged." 

A CIA spokesman said, as a matter of policy, he would decline to comment on interrogation techniques, "which have been and continue to be lawful," he said.

The practice of waterboarding has been branded as "torture" by human rights groups and a number of leading U.S. officials, including Sen. John McCain, R-Ariz., because it amounted to a "mock execution."

It has been at the center of the debate that threatens to derail the confirmation of President George Bush's attorney general nominee, Michael Mukasey.

As a result of Hayden's decision, officials say, the most extreme technique left available to CIA interrogators would be what is termed "longtime standing," which includes exhaustion and sleep deprivation with prisoners forced to stand handcuffed, with their feet shackled to the floor.

The most effective use of waterboarding, according to current and former CIA officials, was in breaking Khalid Sheikh Mohammed, known as KSM, who subsequently confessed to a number of ongoing plots against the United States.

A senior CIA official said KSM later admitted it was only because of the waterboarding that he talked.

Ultimately, KSM took responsibility for the 9/ll attacks and virtually all other al Qaeda terror strikes, including the beheading of Wall Street Journal reporter Daniel Pearl.

"KSM lasted the longest under waterboarding, about a minute and a half, but once he broke, it never had to be used again," said a former CIA official familiar with KSM's case.

ABC News first reported on waterboarding in November 2005 as part of a George Polk Award-winning series of reports on the agency and its practices. In that report, CIA sources outlined for ABC News a list of harsh interrogation techniques approved by the Bush administration in a "Presidential Finding," which authorized the use of the techniques on a narrow range of "high-value" targets.

The CIA sources described the list of six "Enhanced Interrogation Techniques" instituted in mid-March 2002 and used, they said, on a dozen top al Qaeda targets incarcerated in isolation at secret locations on military bases in regions from Asia to Eastern Europe. According to the sources, only a handful of CIA interrogators are trained and authorized to use the techniques:

1. The Attention Grab: The interrogator forcefully grabs the shirt front of the prisoner and shakes him.

2. The Attention Slap: An open-handed slap aimed at causing pain and triggering fear.

3. The Belly Slap: A hard open-handed slap to the stomach. The aim is to cause pain, but not internal injury. Doctors consulted advised against using a punch, which could cause lasting internal damage.

4. Longtime Standing: This technique is described as among the most effective. Prisoners are forced to stand, handcuffed and with their feet shackled to an eye bolt in the floor for more than 40 hours. Exhaustion and sleep deprivation are effective in yielding confessions.

5. The Cold Cell: The prisoner is left to stand naked in a cell kept near 50 degrees. Throughout the time in the cell the prisoner is doused with cold water.

6. Waterboarding (as demonstrated in the picture above): The prisoner is bound to an inclined board, feet raised and head slightly below the feet. Cellophane is wrapped over the prisoner's face and water is poured over him. Unavoidably, the gag reflex kicks in and a terrifying fear of drowning leads to almost instant pleas to bring the treatment to a halt.

According to the sources, CIA officers who subjected themselves to the waterboarding technique lasted an average of 14 seconds before caving in.

Contacted after the completion of the ABC News investigation, CIA officials would neither confirm nor deny the accounts. They simply declined to comment.

Do you have a tip for Brian Ross and the Investigative Team?

November 2, 2007 | Permalink | User Comments (81)

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How about using it to save American lives????!!!!!!!!?

I am a mom, wife, business owner.

When will libs realize that your everyday, common person DOES NOT CARE ABOUT THIS?

That is why the Democratic Party will NEVER get it together. Its constituents are Nascar Bluecollars who don't give a damn if we HAVE to torture a little bit to save our country if it comes down to it. I am plain folk, but I am also college educated, though i admit I am not as educated, and therefore, not as progressive thinking as your average college professor, but like him/ her, I obviously have an agenda!!!!! Anyone who might put themselves in the way of possibly being tortured doesn't care to live or die, anyways. And they sure the hell don't respect any treaties signed about treatment of prisoners. They're gonna torture you if they get the chance!!!!!!!!! GOD IN HEAVEN, LIBS GET SOME BRAINS FOR THE SAKE OF THE COUNTRY

Posted by: anitamom | Nov 2, 2007 2:52:49 PM

You are wrong my friend. When it means American lives vs. 90 seconds of terror to the animals we have to deal with...yes, the ends DO justify the means. How can anyone with an IQ above 90 compare waterboarding to beheading someone with a dull knife?

Posted by: Mike | Nov 2, 2007 2:55:28 PM

I remember the beheadings. That made them appear the worst. But we are now a nation known world wide for torture. The world now regards the USA on the same level. But torture is a inarguably a sicker pursuit than execution. The administration is sicker than the terrorist beheadings. Who is sicker, a person that kills a cow or the person that tortures a cow? Who is sicker, a person that kills a dog or the person that tortures a dog? Shouldn't torturing a human, or listing the accepted forms of torturing humans, build an outrage that's higher than for the dog or cow? Imagine Bush himself performing those things on a dog. Your dog. What would you do to him. What would you think of someone doing that stuff to your dog? Now take it back up to reality and he's doing it to people. He's done it to the innocent and the guilty as if he is in the position of God like judgment.

Posted by: DF | Nov 2, 2007 2:56:52 PM

"The ends never justify the means if it requires us to ignore our oath to the Constitution."

What does the Constitution have to do with non-US citizens who are terrorists?

Posted by: Michael Jankowski | Nov 2, 2007 2:58:37 PM

Ummm....Brent, if we were becoming the enemy we would have just summarily executed these guys. Perhaps, slit their throats from ear to ear, as is the common practice amongst AQ and its ideological kin.

Posted by: Jon | Nov 2, 2007 3:00:20 PM

To Brent: These are prisoners of war, non American citizens and do not have protection under our constitution. I think you may need to take a refresher civics class. You may be surprised to know that our own special forces soldiers endure the same techniques above during their training so that they can know what to expect. In fact, many of them return home, after their training, covered in cuts and bruises. Unfortunately, there isn't anything that can prepare them for a beheading.

Posted by: Tracy | Nov 2, 2007 3:05:05 PM

I agree with "MarinesCallmeDoc".
They do horrible things - we just fake them out with waterboarding? You cant even compare! How else do you expect to get the needed information?

Posted by: bluejackets | Nov 2, 2007 3:08:20 PM

No Physical damage and only the psychological damage in order to gain the information that could in effect save thousands of lives. Well then lets get to waterboarding! I am all in favor of using this technique, despite its psycholigical effect on a combatant that is willing to give their own lives in order to kill thousands of Americans, strap on suicide belts for anyone that may not agree with their fanatical ways, behead innocent civilians. It seems like the least we can do is waterboard them in attempts to get them to provide information related to the safety and security of innocent civilians anywhere in cases where they otherwise would not provide the information. They still get to keep their life and we get to save ours, seems like splitting hairs, but they are not subjected to any real physical harm in the process. If they were in a "normal" battlefield situation, which most people dont realize how much the field of battle has changed, then the means to the end is typically not questioned, except in rare instances. Maybe we should just pat them on the back, give them a few bucks, appologize, and send them back out their to try again. Trying sleeping better when the enemy conbatant is slicing the throats of friends and loved ones or do you toss and turn too much knowing that the combatant had a bit of water poured over their head to prevent bloodhsed among innocent lives. I can sleep just fine with the minor psychological damage inflicted to a enemy combatant, and wonder how many of us would sign up to enforce this interogation technique? Put me in coach, I am ready to play!

Posted by: Big Dog | Nov 2, 2007 3:09:38 PM

Hmmm, dunking someone in water is hardly as extreme as say cutting heads off. If force is needed to save our peoples lives I have no qualms. If you think otherwise fly to a terrorist stronghold and explain to them how much you love them. You'll have a starring role in thier next video.

Posted by: Bob | Nov 2, 2007 3:19:15 PM

Navy SEALs use this technique as during BUDS. What's the problem?

Posted by: USMCInfantry | Nov 2, 2007 3:25:29 PM

I fiqure CIA math is kinda like dog years so if they admit to 3 that translates to 142 or therabouts....

Posted by: GM | Nov 2, 2007 3:31:00 PM

How many Nazi generals did we waterboard or otherwise torture during WWII? Zero. While the Nazis were burning millions of human beings in ovens we gave captured Nazi officers villas and gourmet meals. By the end of the war Germans were surrendering in droves to US forces, rather than get captured and tortured by our Soviet allies.

Posted by: D | Nov 2, 2007 3:35:16 PM

I still am amazed that we have tolerated our leaders violating a treaty that our country has agreed to. Do we have any integrety as a nation anymore? The Geneva Accord forbade torture. Waterboarding has always been described as a torture. I am amazed that our leaders are still in office. They have violated our laws and the Constitution.

Posted by: Coosa | Nov 2, 2007 3:46:49 PM

Sooooooo the CIA have only used it 3
times???? Oh Puleezzzzeeeee!!!!!! I wonder
how many prisoners have died and the Bushite Adminstration are covering it up.
There were many prisoners at Guantanamo
that were moved and human rights groups
do not know where they are. They are missing....Hmmmmmmm...............

Posted by: Sylvia | Nov 2, 2007 3:46:53 PM

D at 3:35 - Well, we did firebomb entire cities full of German civilians. A tad more violent than waterboarding.

Posted by: Josiah | Nov 2, 2007 3:50:10 PM

Well D, lets just bake them some cookies with milk, and invite them for Thanksgiving dinners where they can either surrender to us in droves or slice our throats while we sleep. The battlefield has changed, times have changed, procedures need to change also. I am not for putting the enemy combatants up in villas and givng them gourmet meals, make them earn it with a good waterboarding! Better yet bring them all to Texas where if 3 or more people see you commit the crime, you move to the front of the line, after waterboarding of course!

Posted by: Big Dog | Nov 2, 2007 3:58:21 PM

Torture is against the law. Period.
It is a CRIME! Impeach.

Posted by: oren | Nov 2, 2007 4:13:04 PM

Brent;

I am sorry to say...but "Dunk Them"...
the means does justify the end...

"Saving American Lives"

These are "TERROIST" repeat "TERROSIT"
that want to kill us...

I am sure if your family was being held by these "TERROIST" and they only had a few hour before the will be "MURDERED"....you will be dunking them yourself!!!!!!!!!

Libs please wake up these "TERROIST" want to kill you and your families...stop worrying about them and start worrying about the "USA" !!!!!!

Posted by: Carlos | Nov 2, 2007 4:19:13 PM

If the CIA ADMITS to three, it is probably REALLY somewhere around 300.

Posted by: Leprkin | Nov 2, 2007 4:22:19 PM

This torture is disgusting and should be discontinued.

Posted by: denn034 | Nov 2, 2007 4:27:55 PM

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